Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana! In order to achieve the objective of financial inclusion by extending financial services to the large hitherto un-served population of the country and to unlock its growth potential, the Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) was launched on 28th August, 2014, although the Prime Minister declared about the launching of the scheme on 15th August, 2014. The [...]
The life containing and life supporting environment of the world is restricted to a very irregular layer (5 to 20 km thick) around the globe. This thin veil of living material on the earth is called ecosphere or biosphere. Thus, the biosphere is that part of earth in which life exists (Hutchinson, 1970) Biosphere is synonymous with biota and refers [...]
Since the time of his arrival from South Africa, Gandhiji introduced a sense of dynamism and all-India character to the freedom movement. He developed the technique of 'Satyagraha' based on truth and non-violence in fighting against the powerful British Government. He associated himself with the cause of the common people like the peasants of Champaran and Khera, mill workers of [...]
In the history of India's freedom movement, if anybody had played a very significant as well as a controversial role, he was not other than Mohammed Ali Jinnah. Starting his political career as a moderate leader of Indian National Congress like Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Surendra Nath Baneijee, Feroz Shah Melita etc., he ended his life in the chessboard of communal [...]
Subhas Chandra Bose taking birth in a prosperous middle class Bengali family on 23th January 1897, started his career as an ICS officer and subsequently entered into public life as a member of the Congress Party. This born fighter played a leading role in the national movement. Except Tilak, no great political leader suffered as much as Bose in the [...]
Oligopoly refers to a market form in which a particular market is dominated by a small group of sellers. In other words oligopoly can be defined as a market situation that is characterized by few sellers dealing either in identical or differentiated products Moreover, under oligopoly; there are restrictions to entry and exit of organizations. One of the most important [...]
Business objectives refer to goals that an organization aspires to accomplish over a specific period of time. In other words, business objectives can be defined as specific statements that contain projections about the growth and development of an organization. These objectives serve as the basis for all strategic and operational policies adopted by an organization. In addition, they provide an [...]
Risk is inherent in every business. A proverb says: No risk, no gain. Every business organization making an investment expects to get some returns in the future. But future is uncertain and so are the expected returns. Due to uncertainty of the future, a realized return need not correspond to the expected return. The possibility of variation of the actual [...]
Renee Sabatier (1988:34-35) has pointed out three explanations of the origin of HIV virus: One, it originated from an old human disease unknown to science for the long time. Two, it has originated from species other than human-beings, like apes, monkeys who suffered from natural virus. Three, it accidentally originated in laboratories while conducting experiments. Of these three explanations, the [...]
Societies often face problems because of social and cultural changes. Social change is change in the patterned roles, or a change in the network of social relations, or a change in the structures and organization of a society. Social change is never complete or total; it is always partial. It can be minor or fundamental. Further, the change can be [...]